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Indiantelevision.com's
News Room interview Star News editor & director of news Uday
Shankar
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"For
a news channel, credibility is most valuable but speed is what
you are" |
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| (Posted
on 19 April 2004) |
| "We
want to help the voters to make a more informed choice." That
is Uday Shankar's take on Star News' election coverage. After taking
over from Sanjay Pugalia as the news director in the third week of
February, Shankar is all geared to take on coverage of the Lok Sabha
elections. In the current situation, where the event is looked upon
as crucial make or break point for the electronic media, Star News
seems to have been ready with its election strategy for quite a while
now.
Armed with the "Aapko Rakhe Aage" tagline, the channel
is looking at tackling the election from the voter's point of view.
In a tête-à-tête with indiantelevision.com's
Trupti Ghag, Shankar talked about what exactly the elections
mean to the channel, the ethical dilemmas involved, and more. Excerpts:
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What is Star News' take on election programming? What is it
that the audience can expect from the coverage?
We want to give a fresh perspective to the election; tell people
about the great Indian election. No where in the world are there
so many voters involved and the nature of the process so diverse;
we want to give people a slice of that. Also, it is the first heavily
televised parliamentary election.
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So how is the competition?
Competition is good, strong. But we don't believe in competing.
We are looking at the election, the way a voter looks at the election.
We want to help them make a more informed choice.
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Since it is the first time that the channel would be covering
the parliamentary election, how did you go about grooming the journalists?
In a news channel, there is no specific need to groom the journalists
for an election. Political coverage is our bread and butter. Also,
the assembly elections in November-December were actually the dry
runs. Star News has done a lot of its progression around the assembly
election; whether in terms of concept or resources or organisation
of production like graphics, the foundation was laid. So when I
came in the middle of February, I found that preparation had already
been done, I just needed to take the baton forward. The Star News
journalistic team is a sound team and we have some real experienced
people on air and off air.
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Being a mentor to the journalist team, is there a list of do's
and don'ts that you lay down?
Not really. But during elections, the environment is more competitive.
Also with the viewers getting mature by the day, the journalists
need to work towards improving reports and that is where my role
comes in. I have asked my anchors to constantly monitor every bit
of political development in the country. To make the task easier,
we have divided the entire work force into functional units, each
looking after specific programmes, for more cohesive and focused
responses.
My job, as the team leader, is to constantly review and interact
with the team and see where we need to pull up our socks or refocus
our attention. Ours is a very open system, everybody can pitch in
their ideas, and wherever a little sharpening is needed, we do it.
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What is the unique thing that you have to offer, especially
in your election coverage? What would you like to have established
with the election coverage?
Star News is a very youthful channel, and it has set new standards
of coverage in many directions. Our motto is viewers before anything
else. So far, the elections coverage has been done from the point
of view of the political leaders. Our focus is very clearly the
people. That is one big difference.
By the end of the election coverage, we expect that we would have
contributed towards better understanding of the Indian political
process and the Indian democracy. If we succeed in doing that, then
we would have got in a very committed set of viewers who would trust
the channel for explaining politics and political process both in
a language and from a perspective that they find useful.
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| "By
the end of the election coverage, we expect that we would have
contributed towards better understanding of the Indian political
process and the Indian democracy" |
And how exactly would you go about doing that?
We take any event happening, deconstruct it, analyse it, give
the ramifications and leave the viewers to decide. We don't want
to tell them whether a party is better or a politician is worse.
We just want to show every little side, unknown facets, and news
that other media gloss over. We just want to investigate, dig and
present the whole spectrum. And then, Indian television viewers
are mature enough to make up their minds.
Is this approach incidentally because the target viewers belong
to SEC A, B, C groups?
No. It is irrespective of that.
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Does TV journalism have an edge over print?
To a great extent, yes. In print, it is the word as understood
and expressed by the writer that people see, so they have only his
word to go by. TV gives you the word, the picture and the sound.
The biggest strength of TV is that rather than bringing the news
to viewers, it takes the viewer to the news. Audiences are transported
to the spot where news is happening.
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But isn't television far more superficial a medium? Owing to
the constraints of the medium, you tend to skim over the news rather
than offering an in-depth analysis.
I would disagree. What passes off as analysis or depth of coverage
in print is actually a lot of unsubstantiated opinion and bias.
In television, there are no informed sources. Also one needs to
understand that TV, unlike print, is a background activity. It has
to be sharp, pithy and focused. It cannot afford to go into laborious,
detailed rambling descriptions, which print can.
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Will the habit of reading newspapers every morning ever be replaced
by switching on the television?
No, both cater to different audiences. While the national newspapers
are becoming more regional, more local, TV is becoming more cosmopolitan.
TV and print are not competing. Although morning is a prime time
for news channels, TV is not much watched as heard in the mornings.
Only if you find something interesting would you crane your neck.
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"While
the national newspapers are becoming more regional, more local;
TV is becoming more cosmopolitan"
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TV journalism is always about being first. So how do you maintain
a balance between speed and accuracy?
That is the challenge and I take pride in saying that Star News
has never been wrong on that. We have been fast and we have been
accurate. That comes from the training we put our journalists through,
the filters we apply in the news room to insure that while we do
not compromise on the speed, we do not go wrong either.
As for speed, we ensure that the journalists who are gathering
the news are allowed to move fast. People who support them, are
trained to work equally fast and in tandem.
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What about the time during the Mumbai blasts last year where
Star News initially reported that there were six blasts, where as
there were only two?
That was not a mistake. Look at what happened on 9/11 in the
US, figures varied from one news channel to another. When you are
reporting live news, there is no way that you can verify it; you
have to rely on the official source. You are not there on the location
when it happened.
Star News reports were based on two authoritative sources, the
cops and the eye witness. There was panic and sometimes during panic,
even echoes are often mistaken for actual blasts. Also, the channel
didn't say that there were six blasts in different locations; Star
News said that there were six blasts on two locations.
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Would you say that accuracy was compromised because of the need
to be first?
There is no need to be first. Although TV news' basic philosophy
is speed and to be first is a necessary condition, nobody compromises
on accuracy. It is accuracy that brings you credibility.
Two or three years ago, some news channels got a couple of stories
wrong. Their credibility took a beating and they haven't yet recovered
from that shock. Credibility is most valuable but speed is what
you are.
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Doesn't television have the power to sway people's opinion?
I would like to believe that television does. It makes me feel
powerful. But by saying this, I would be saying that people are
incredibly stupid, which is definitely not the fact.
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But isn't it true that anchors today have become
icons?
Maybe the anchors have become icons, but people have become far
more assertive. Today's generation has an extremely independent mind
and if media could sway them, then all political parties would just
have to influence the media. Why should Mehbooba Mufti risk her life,
she should just come and convince me! |
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Even if you want to promote her candidature, you could not.
Since you are governed by the election commission?
There are no EC laws to govern the news channels. Channels are
governed in the same way as print is, by its own laws. To broadcast
a channel, you need a license from the ministry of information and
broadcasting. During that process, the channel can enter into a
certain agreement, which is about journalistic integrity, fairness,
and ethics, that's it.
The EC has decided to assume big authority, but it has none. EC's
mandate is very simple - hold free and fair elections that's as
far as the Indian government allows...
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"As
journalists, we do not have a license to sit and judge"
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What is your personal opinion about the political ads, should they
be allowed to air?
I think political ads should be allowed. First of all, it's impossible
to ban it; secondly it is discriminatory because you are not dissuading
the newspaper and other form of media to do so. And what about the
posters; they have a big reach. If you were to put about 10,000 posters
in Delhi, you reach many more people, repeatedly and for much longer
time. There is no way you can ban that. EC should spend its energy
and resources in developing a code for right kind of political adverting
instead. All you need to do is ensure that wrong kind of advertising
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What about the general advertising?
The advertising agencies, the broadcasters and the manufacturers
all walk together and evolve their code. If an ad is found offensive
to popular taste then you see an outcry and it is withdrawn. There
is no EC to monitor that, then why now? |
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What about Star News' personal code of conduct?
We have a very strong personal code of conduct. |
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If people are not contesting then they can just
about shoot off anything. How do you screen that so that you don't
sound like propaganda vehicle yourself?
Firstly, you don't screen because people who are called in represent
an organisation, which is not banned. The representative is accountable
for what he or she says. It is a difficult proposition for a news
channel or for an editor, but where do you draw the line? I am not
holding a candle to anybody. If X is saying something that I think
is offensive or not in the national interest and I repeatedly try
to put a stop to that, then we get to an Emergency like situation.
The ethical responsibility of a channel like Star News is to get the
counter proposition. If we don't, then we get into a risk of presenting
a lop-sided view of the story. So X says something about Y then you
must get Y's point of view. But if we unilaterally decide that we
will black out X point of view, it is not the right assessment.
As journalists, we do not have a license to sit and judge. We are
communicators and we should try and give a complete picture. |
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In a hypothetical situation, if a religious group
or cult is holding a rally and propagating inflammatory statement
against another, even urging the masses to burn the houses of the
other group, will you carry that story?
I would certainly not ignore that story but I would give it a
different perceptive. It is a story about incitement of violence for
me. I would try and assess what the law and government has done about
it. If it is being said in a rally, it is difficult to keep it in
wraps. And hence you should present the correct picture and say that
it is wrong and following are the people at fault.
I don't think channels are being misused for violent propaganda. Biases
exist and there is no way of curbing them. But I don't think that
the channels are opening themselves to subversive and anti national
views. If you ignore the story completely, you are shutting your eyes
to the storm. |
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Should journalists have an opinion?
A journalist should have an opinion and he or she should keep
it to himself or herself. It should, in no way, be allowed to affect
the story. |
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Did you hire some more reporters, especially for
the election? Short term, freelancers or otherwise?
No, we haven't hired any freelancers. Our technology is advanced
and short term hiring does not suit us. Training processes itself-
learning to cope with the technology, imbibing editorial learning's-
take a fairly long time. Also, trained work force is not available
off the shelf. |
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Have you thought about life beyond election?
Yes. It is challenging. In news channel business, you are always
in a Formula One race. We are looking at some new programming. |
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Is there a space for more news channels on the Indian
electronic media horizon?
Oh yes. The news business in India is still very underdeveloped.
The news universe in India is still very underdeveloped. I have always
felt that if fiction can be so exciting, then news should be more
so. Because it is far more diverse, far more colourful, challenging
and it is far more real. |
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But it is often said that Indians don't really like
reality?
I don't think so. Why do you think that when something happens,
then the viewership rises? It is all in how you tell the story, it
is a visual medium. I think we are yet to master that. |
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How has the last year been? What are the challenges
before the channel in the year ahead?
We are the only channel, other than Aaj Tak, that has crossed
20 mark on the TAM rating. Also as a channel, Star News is really
one year old and for a one year old baby, it is a very healthy. The
problem with licensing brought uncertainty, which dampened the morale
but thankfully that's all behind us. We now plan to build on our strengths.
We have a couple of plans for year ahead. |
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Is launching an English news channel
one of them?
Of course! But we are not just looking at English news channels,
we have a couple more planned. |
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